A Resident Welfare Association (RWA) is a community organization formed by residents of a specific residential area, such as an apartment complex, housing society or colony. These associations play a crucial role in fostering a sense of community, promoting cooperation and managing the collective affairs of the residents. RWAs are particularly significant for managing day to day activities of the housing societies and meeting the regulatory requirement. They act as a bridge between the residents and the authorities.

The primary objectives of an RWA include:

Promoting mutual help and goodwill among residents.
Ensuring the provision of basic amenities and services.
Addressing common concerns related to maintenance, security and infrastructure.
Organizing social and cultural activities to enhance community interaction.

RWA communities are diverse and inclusive, comprising individuals and families from a wide range of backgrounds. Many RWAs are government-recognized and include residents who are current or retired employees of government departments, corporate professionals, business owners, private sector employees and entrepreneurs. This vibrant mix of people brings together a variety of experiences and perspectives, making RWAs truly representative of modern urban society.

RWA Election Rules and Procedures

To ensure that RWAs are managed effectively and democratically, elections are held periodically to choose the members of the Managing Committee. These elections are governed by a set of rules and procedures, often outlined in a Model Constitution, to maintain fairness and transparency.

Key aspects of the election process include:

Membership and Eligibility: Only eligible residents can become members of the RWA and participate in the elections. Typically, this involves being a resident of the specified area and fulfilling certain criteria, such as payment of membership fees.
Voter List: A comprehensive and accurate voter list is crucial for a fair election. The RWA prepares a list of all eligible members, which is displayed publicly to allow for verification and corrections.
Election Frequency and Timing: RWA elections are typically held every two years. The election process is usually scheduled to conclude by a specific date, such as the end of April.
Returning Officer: An impartial Returning Officer is appointed to conduct the elections. This individual is responsible for overseeing the entire process, from receiving nominations to announcing the results.
Nominations: Eligible members who wish to contest the election must file a nomination. This process involves being proposed and seconded by other members, and it often requires the candidate to meet certain eligibility criteria.
Campaigning: Candidates may engage in campaigning to communicate their vision and plans to the voters. This can involve distributing pamphlets, holding meetings or using online platforms.
Voting: The election culminates in the voting process, where eligible members cast their votes to elect the new Managing Committee.
Results and Handover: After the votes are counted, the Returning Officer declares the results. The outgoing Managing Committee then hands over the charge to the newly elected members.

The Importance of Secret Ballots

The Model Constitution emphasizes that elections shall be conducted by secret ballot. This method ensures that each voter can exercise their right to vote freely and without fear of intimidation or influence. In a secret ballot, the voter’s choice is confidential, protecting them from any potential repercussions. This promotes fairness, transparency and trust in the election process.

How Right2Vote Can Help in RWA Elections

In today’s digital age, online election platforms like Right2Vote offer a convenient, secure and efficient way to conduct RWA elections. Right2Vote is a government of India verified, tested and certified eVoting platform. Right2Vote manages more than 3000 elections every year, including elections in RWAs across India. Right2Vote’s eVoting platforms can streamline the entire process and enhance voter participation.

Key features and benefits include:

Invite and Reminder Notifications: Right2Vote sends invite notifications to all voters about election schedules to their registered email or mobile. Right2Vote also send reminder emails to voters who have not voted yet. This ensures that all members are well-informed and engaged.

Secure Login and Voter Authentication: To prevent fraud and ensure that only authorised members can vote, Right2Vote employs secure login methods, such as OTP-based authentication. This verifies the identity of each voter, adding an extra layer of security to the election.

Secret Ballot Functionality: Right2Vote provides the secret ballot system by ensuring that each vote is cast anonymously and securely. A vote is cast in secret, meaning that no one except the voter should know their individual choice. The purpose of a secret ballot is to ensure that a person can vote according to their free will, without facing any kind of pressure, be it physical or mental, during the voting process.

Audit Trail and Transparency: A crucial feature of Right2Vote is the audit trail, which provides a secure and verifiable record of IP address, Time of voting and voter identity (Not Voter’s Choice) of voters. This enhances transparency and accountability, allowing for scrutiny of the election process if necessary.

Voter Receipt and Confirmation: After casting their vote, residents receive a digital receipt or confirmation on their registered email or mobile, verifying that their vote has been successfully recorded. This feature provides assurance to the voters and builds trust in the system. Voter receipt feature is similar to VVPAT (Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail), however, in the Right2Vote platform we provide voters with digital receipt and not paper receipt.

Multiple Voting: This feature is especially useful in scenarios where a single individual owns multiple flats within the same building or residential complex. Online voting platforms with multiple voting support allow such individuals to cast a separate vote for each flat they own.

Benefits of Using Online Election Platforms

Increased Voter Participation: Online voting offers convenience and flexibility, enabling more residents to participate in the elections, regardless of their location or schedule. This can significantly increase voter turnout compared to traditional in-person voting.

Cost-Effectiveness: Conducting elections online can reduce costs associated with printing ballots, setting up polling stations and hiring election officials. This can save the RWA valuable resources.

Time and Effort Saving: Right2Vote streamlines the entire election process from setting up the election and notifying voters to casting and counting votes. Organizers save time by avoiding manual tasks like printing, distributing, collecting and tallying ballots.

Faster Results: Right2Vote can automate the vote-counting process, providing faster and more accurate results. This eliminates the delays and potential errors associated with manual counting.

Accessibility: Online voting can be more accessible to residents with disabilities or those who may have difficulty travelling to a polling place.

Case Studies

In many large apartment complexes in Mumbai, Delhi,Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kolkata Chennai etc, the RWA decided to implement online voting. This decision was driven by the desire to increase voter turnout and make the election process more convenient for working professionals and elderly residents. The online platform successfully facilitated a smooth and transparent election, with a significant increase in voter participation compared to previous years.

A proactive RWA in Mumbai organized extensive election awareness campaigns to educate residents about the election process and the importance of voting. They used a combination of online communication, notice board announcements and community meetings to encourage participation and ensure that all members were informed.

Conclusion

RWA elections are a cornerstone of community governance, empowering residents to shape the management and development of their living environment. By adhering to established rules and embracing technological advancements like Right2vote’s online election platform, RWAs can ensure that elections are fair, transparent and inclusive.

Source: https://dopt.gov.in/sites/default/files/model-constitution.pdf

To know more about Right2Vote’s election technology, please refer:

Email-Based Voting

Email-based voting is a method of electronic voting where eligible voters receive a ballot through email, select their selections and send it back either by replying to the email or uploading it to a secure platform.

How E-mail based voting works:

The election organizer first sends an official ballot to each voter’s email id.
Voters fill out the ballot digitally, mainly as a PDF or through a web form.
The completed ballot is sent back by email.
The election management team verifies the voter’s identity using methods like voter ID numbers, digital signatures or email authentication.
Votes are generally counted manually.

Concern with Email-based Voting

Since your email is linked to your identity, it’s harder to ensure secret voting. For example, In a workplace election, if HR receives the votes by email, they may know exactly who voted for whom. This could make employees uncomfortable or discourage honest voting. Here, we lost the secrecy of voting.

Manually counting emailed votes in various formats can lead to mistakes. If some people return ballots as PDFs and others as scanned images, a volunteer might misread a blurry attachment or skip one by accident, leading to incorrect totals.

Email-based voting is a good choice, especially when voters are geographically dispersed. However, it requires strong security protocols, clear instructions and robust verification to minimise risks and maintain the trust and transparency in the whole process.

Mobile-Based Voting

Mobile-based voting is a method of electronic voting where voters cast their votes using a mobile phone by either sending an SMS with their choice, dialling a designated phone number and selecting options through an automated voice response system.

How it works:

1.Voters receive a unique code or ballot instructions on their mobile and they reply with their vote by sending a specific keyword or candidate code via SMS.

Example:

You receive a message:

“Reply with 1 for Candidate A, 2 for Candidate B“

You send back: 1

Your vote is registered for Candidate A.

2.Voters dial an official number for voting. Then an automated voice guides them through the voting process. After that, voters press numbers on their keypad to choose their preferred option.

Example:

“Press 1 for Candidate A, Press 2 for Candidate B.”

You press 2.

Your vote is recorded for Candidate B.

Privacy Concerns with Mobile Numbers

One key concern is that mobile numbers are tied to a lot of sensitive personal information. Studies show they’re often linked with bank accounts, education records, addresses and even financial histories. This connection makes many users hesitant to share their numbers, fearing that if it falls into the wrong hands, a lot more than just a phone number could be compromised.

With the rise in SMS scams and phishing attempts, SMS based voting can create a fear in the general public. In SMS, the limited character count in texts also makes it harder to share full instructions or voting guidelines clearly. This lack of clarity can lead to confusion or, worse, errors during the voting process.

As our lives become increasingly digital, it’s more important than ever to adopt systems that people trust and feel safe using. While mobile phones are part of our everyday routines, relying on mobile numbers for voting might not be the wisest move. Both email-based voting and SMS based mobile voting have limitations. Neither method can ensure a secret ballot, and both can lead to multiple voting and counting errors. Both these methods are susceptible to phishing and other online scams.

Advantages of Email-Based Voting over Mobile-Based Voting

Between the two, email-based voting is a better option. Email offers a more flexible and secure experience. Many individuals maintain separate email accounts for different aspects of life, such as work, shopping, and finances, which adds a layer of privacy. Sharing an email address for voting doesn’t necessarily expose all of a person’s data, making it feel like a safer option overall.

Also, emails allow for detailed information. Full voting instructions, helpful visuals and clear steps can all be included in one place. People are more accustomed to reading longer content via email, whether on their mobiles or computers, which makes understanding and following the process much easier.

Right2Vote’s online voting system is far superior to Email-Based and Mobile-Based Voting Systems

Right2Vote delivers a streamlined, secure online voting solution built around an OTP-based system that’s both simple and user-friendly. The process kicks off when the Election Officer sets up and launches the poll on the Right2Vote platform. Once it goes live, all eligible voters tied to that particular election are instantly notified via email.

This notification includes a personalised voting link along with key election details like:

The Election Name.
The organizer info (like who invited you to the Election)
Voting instructions with Voting link (like how to cast your vote)
The window for casting the vote. (Start Date & Time and End Date & Time)

By clicking the link, voters are taken straight to the login page, where their email ID is conveniently pre-filled. For secure access, a One-Time Password (OTP) is sent to their registered email. Entering this OTP authenticates the voter and gives them entry to their voting dashboard.

From there, voters can see their active elections and make their selection with just a click, choose the option, hit “Done,” and it’s recorded right away. The entire process is built to be smooth, secure and tamper-proof, making it a great fit for communities, corporate bodies and institutional voting events.

Similarly, for Right2Vote’s SMS based voting instead of email, all eligible voters who are registered to that particular election are instantly notified via SMS with information like

The Election Name.
The organizer info (like who invited you in the Election)
Voting link

Voters click the link to access a pre-filled mobile login page, receive an OTP on their registered mobile number. OTP authenticates the voter and redirects them to the voting dashboard. They view active elections, select their choice and submit with a click on the “Done” button. Instantly, the vote gets recorded.

As soon as the election ends or voting is completed, the system automatically counts all the votes and generates the final results instantly without the need for any manual tallying or human intervention. This ensures faster outcomes, eliminates counting errors and improves transparency and trust in the election process.

How Right2Vote Resolves Concerns in Email and Mobile-Based Voting

Right2Vote addresses the challenges associated with email and mobile-based voting through a suite of robust features designed to enhance security, privacy, and transparency:

Secret Ballot Feature
To uphold voter anonymity, Right2Vote implements a secret ballot system where individual voter’s vote details are not available to anybody, including the election managers and the IT team managing the platform (No one knows who voted for whom. The voting process is completely confidential to ensure voter privacy and security). This ensures that voters can cast their votes without fear of exposure, maintaining the integrity of the election process.

Automated Vote Recording and Audit Trail
The platform automatically records each vote and maintains a comprehensive audit trail. This feature allows for transparent tracking of the voting process, enabling verification of the vote flow from casting to counting, thereby eliminating human errors and enhancing trust in the results.

Instant Results Without Human Intervention
Upon the conclusion of voting, Right2Vote’s system instantly tabulates and publishes the results without any manual involvement. This automation eliminates the risk of errors and accelerates the announcement of outcomes, contributing to a more efficient electoral process.

Strict Data Privacy and Automatic Deletion Policy
The Right2Vote platform has end-to-end encryption. Right2Vote is committed to protecting user data. The platform ensures that personal information is not shared with third parties and is automatically deleted when an election is removed by the organizer or archived after a certain time, aligning with best practices in data privacy.

OTP-Based Verification for Secure Access
To guarantee that only authorized voters participate, Right2Vote employs OTP-based authentication sent to registered email addresses. This method ensures secure access to the voting platform and prevents unauthorized voting attempts.

Government of India Certification
Right2Vote’s platform is tested and certified by the Standardization Testing and Quality Certification (STQC) Directorate under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Government of India. This certification attests to the platform’s adherence to stringent security and quality standards.

Conclusion

Both email-based and mobile-based voting offer easy and modern ways to participate in elections without being physically present. While mobile voting through SMS or calls is simple and works well for basic elections like surveys or public opinion polls, email-based voting stands out for its better clarity and flexibility. It’s easier to share full instructions, and voters feel more secure using their email than their phone number.

However, Right2Vote’s online voting technology, using email or sms based authentication, is far superior to SMS or email-based voting. Right2Vote not only ensures privacy of votes through its secret ballot feature but also provides Audit Trail and other features to ensure fair and transparent elections.

The goal is to make voting simple, secure, and trustworthy. Right2Vote does just that by offering smooth, OTP-based access and instant results. Whether you’re voting in a housing society, institution, clubs, corporations, professional associations or organization, this modern method guarantees participation with peace of mind. This digital voting platform is shaping the future of elections, making participation easier for everyone.

To know more about Right2Vote’s election technology, please refer:

When we talk about elections, whether it’s a general (Lok Sabha) election, a state (Vidhan Sabha) election or other local elections like panchayat and municipal elections, transparency remains one of the most crucial aspects. Beyond the participation of candidates, election duties assigned to election management teams, ensuring integrity throughout the entire process from the election start date to the result declaration date, is vital.

The most important factor in an election is maintaining transparency and integrity. However, when it comes to the Election Result, perspectives vary among political parties, candidates and voters. Every voter wants the candidate they supported to win and the wait for results can be frustrating, especially when the gap between the election date and result announcement is too long. Many voters begin to question the credibility of the process and speculation arises regarding potential tampering, delays or errors in counting. To address such concerns, a well-structured and efficient result declaration mechanism is necessary.

Challenges in Election Result Declaration

Paper Ballot System

For voters using paper ballots, careful selection and proper folding of the ballot paper are essential. Additionally, election duty personnel must ensure the secure transportation of ballots, protecting them from external factors such as:

Weather conditions (rain, storms, extreme temperatures)
Geographical barriers (poor road conditions, remote locations)
Tampering or security threats

Once ballots reach the designated counting centers, the counting process can take several days before the final election result is announced to the public. The manual counting of votes increases the chances of errors, further prolonging the process and adding to voters’ anxiety.

Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs)

While EVMs are considered an improvement over paper ballots, they also require time for transportation, verification and electronic vote counting. Despite being more efficient than manual ballot counting, the process still consumes significant time and resources. Additionally, there are persistent concerns from losing parties, who often blame EVMs or the election management team for unfavorable results. In some cases, political parties even demand a return to paper ballots, citing the possibility of EVM manipulation. However, experts argue that EVMs, when properly managed, reduce human errors and ensure a faster and more accurate Election Result.

The Role of Online Voting in Modern Elections

Technological advancements have introduced new voting methods such as absentee voting, proxy voting, mail-in voting and online voting. However, only a few countries have fully implemented online voting, while others have adopted a hybrid model where voting occurs in two phases online and offline.

Online voting presents numerous advantages, including:

Speed – Instant result computation
No transportation needed – Eliminates logistical challenges
No election workers required – Reduces manpower and costs
No geographical barriers – Voters can cast their votes from anywhere
Enhanced security – Features like secret ballots, audit trails, voter confirmation and receipts ensure transparency and trustworthiness

If online voting technology is secure, efficient and accessible, why do aged politicians still prefer paper ballots or EVMs? The resistance to change remains a major hurdle in adopting modern, digital voting systems. Additionally, concerns over cybersecurity, data breaches and digital literacy among older voters hinder the widespread acceptance of online voting. However, as technology continues to evolve, many of these concerns are being addressed with advanced encryption, multi-factor authentication and secure audit trails.

If the government starts using online voting, election results can be available instantly without any human help. In regular elections, if the vote difference is very small, it takes time to recount. But online voting gives quick and correct results, saving time and avoiding mistakes. This technology makes the whole election process faster, easier and more trustworthy.

Right2Vote: Leading the Online Voting Revolution

Right2Vote’s online election platform is a Government of India-tested, certified and approved e-voting system. It has been accredited by the Standardization Testing and Quality Certification Directorate (STQC) under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), as well as the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). With over a decade of experience, Right2Vote manages more than 3,000 elections annually for various organizations, including corporations, cooperatives, educational institutions, clubs, associations, unions, governments and housing societies.

Key Features of Right2Vote’s Online Voting System

Secret Ballot

Ensures voter anonymity, allowing individuals to cast their votes confidentially without any external influence or fear of retribution. The platform encrypts all votes, ensuring that the voter’s selection remains undisclosed while maintaining transparency in the counting process.

Audit Trail

This feature ensures complete transparency by recording the system logs IP address and voting time when a voter casts their vote via mobile number or email, it does not store the actual vote to the voter if a secret ballot is selected in the election. This ensures a secure audit trail without compromising the principle of secret ballot, allowing voters to vote fearlessly and fairly.

Voter Receipt

We provide each voter with a receipt of their vote via SMS or email, giving them confidence that their vote has been recorded correctly. Similar to the VVPAT system, these receipts can be used to verify and prove the accuracy of the voting system.

Voter Confirmation Before Vote Casting

Before submitting a vote, the system prompts voters to confirm their choice, reducing errors and ensuring accurate representation of their intent. This feature is particularly useful in preventing unintentional errors and ensuring that every vote truly reflects the voter’s decision, ultimately leading to a credible election result.

The Future of Elections: Secure, Inclusive and Efficient

As the digital era progresses, online voting is set to transform the democratic process. This technology not only makes voting more accessible for senior citizens but also engages younger generations who are accustomed to digital interactions. The adoption of online voting opens doors for elections that are more secure, inclusive and efficient, ultimately strengthening democracy worldwide.

Moreover, online voting minimizes the risk of voter suppression, as individuals facing mobility issues, health concerns or geographical barriers can easily participate in the electoral process. It also significantly reduces election costs, eliminating expenses related to physical polling stations, ballot printing and transportation. These advancements ensure a seamless election result process with minimal delays and maximum transparency.

Despite these advantages, online voting must be carefully implemented to ensure maximum security and public trust. Governments and election authorities should invest in robust cybersecurity measures, voter education programs and transparent auditing procedures to address any skepticism surrounding digital elections.

Conclusion

The evolution of election systems from paper ballots to electronic and online voting showcases how technology can enhance democratic processes. While challenges remain, embracing secure and efficient voting methods like Right2Vote’s eVoting platform can help build a more transparent, accessible and reliable electoral system. As more governments recognize the benefits of digital elections, the future of democracy is likely to be shaped by secure, technology-driven solutions that empower voters and streamline election management. A well-structured system will ensure that every election result is trustworthy and reflects the true choice of the people.

To know more about Right2Vote’s election technology, please refer:

The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) was introduced to establish a structured, efficient and time-bound mechanism for handling insolvency and bankruptcy cases in India. The IBC Rules streamline debt resolution, safeguard creditor interests and foster a business-friendly environment.

Key Objectives of IBC Rules

Integration and Efficiency: The IBC consolidates and reforms existing insolvency laws, making them more coherent and efficient.
Time-Bound Resolution: A critical aspect of the IBC is resolving insolvency cases within a stipulated period, generally 180 days, ensuring swift action.
Optimizing Asset Value: By preventing the prolonged deterioration of assets, the IBC seeks to maximize the recovery value for creditors.
Creditor Protection: It safeguards the rights and claims of financial and operational creditors while maintaining a balance with debtor interests.
Encouraging Entrepreneurship: A clear and fair insolvency resolution framework provides businesses with a second chance while promoting responsible lending and investment.
Creation of IBBI: The establishment of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) ensures strict oversight and regulation of the insolvency process.
Tackling NPAs: The IBC plays a pivotal role in addressing the Non-Performing Asset (NPA) crisis in India’s banking sector.
Standardized Legal Framework: By harmonizing India’s fragmented bankruptcy laws, the IBC brings uniformity and predictability to insolvency proceedings.

Over the years, The IBC Rules have evolved through amendments, introducing key changes in governance, salary structures and valuation methodologies to improve transparency and efficiency.

IBC Rules 2016

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has framed detailed rules governing the salaries, allowances and other conditions of service for Chairpersons and Members of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI). Below are the key provisions:

Short Title & Commencement – These rules are called the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Salary, Allowances and other Terms and Conditions of Service of Chairperson and Members) Rules, 2016.
Definitions – Clarifies the terms such as “Board,” “Chairperson,” “Whole-time Member,” and their respective roles.
Service Terms – The Chairperson and whole-time members must not have financial interests that may conflict with their duties.
Casual Vacancy – If appointed to fill a casual vacancy, they will hold office only for the remainder of the original term.
Post-Resignation Employment – Cannot accept employment elsewhere within one year of leaving the Board, except with Central Government approval.
Salary Structure –
- Chairperson: ₹4,50,000 per month or pay equivalent to a Secretary to the Government of India.
- Whole-time members: ₹3,75,000 per month or pay equivalent to an Additional Secretary.
Salary Adjustments for Retirees – If a retiree is appointed, their pension and benefits will be deducted from their new salary.
Dearness Allowance – Paid at rates applicable to Group ‘A’ officers of equivalent rank.
Entertainment Allowance – Maximum of ₹6,000 per annum.
Leave Entitlement – Includes earned leave, half-pay leave, casual leave and restricted holidays.
Leave Sanctioning – The President of India sanctions leave for the Chairperson; the Chairperson sanctions leave for members.
Provident Fund – Chairperson and members can subscribe to the Contributory Pension Fund.
Travel Allowances – Equivalent to those granted to Secretaries and Additional Secretaries of the Government of India.
Leave Travel Concession (LTC) – Same as Group ‘A’ officers of equivalent rank.
Housing & Accommodation – Entitled to rent-free accommodation, with water, electricity and fuel charges to be borne by the occupant.
House Rent Allowance – If private accommodation is used, entitled to 10% of basic pay as compensation.
Official Conveyance – Entitled to a staff car for official purposes; the Board cannot purchase vehicles and must hire them.
No Bonus – Chairperson and members are not entitled to any bonus.
No Sitting Fees – No additional fees for attending Board meetings.
Encashment of Leave – Leave encashment allowed up to 300 days, including encashment before superannuation.
Medical Facilities – Covered under the Government Health Scheme.

These provisions ensure transparency, efficiency and proper governance in handling insolvency matters in India.

The provisions related to electronic voting (e-voting) in the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) are primarily covered under the following sections:

Section 109(4) – It states that proxy voting, including electronic proxy voting, shall take place in such manner and form as may be specified.
Section 25A(1) – The authorized representative of financial creditors has the right to vote on behalf of the creditors via electronic means.
Section 24(1) – Members of the committee of creditors may meet in person or through electronic means.

For official updates, visit the IBBI website.

Right2Vote: Enhancing CoC eVoting Security and Efficiency

In the evolving landscape of insolvency proceedings, technology is playing an important role in streamlining the processes and ensuring compliance with legal requirements. Right2Vote, a government-certified eVoting platform, is a leading solution for online elections. Tested by the Standardization Testing and Quality Certification (STQC), Directorate under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Right2Vote ensures secure, transparent and legally valid voting for the Committee of Creditors (CoC) in insolvency matters.

Secure and Transparent eVoting

Right2Vote’s online voting platform guarantees the integrity of the voting process through end-to-end encryption, audit trails and legally admissible results. Its robust security mechanisms prevent unauthorized access, ensuring that all votes cast remain confidential and tamper-proof. This is particularly critical in insolvency proceedings, where CoC members must make high-stakes decisions regarding debt restructuring and asset resolution.

One of the standout features of Right2Vote is its do-it-yourself (DIY) platform, which allows insolvency professionals to set up polls quickly and efficiently. The intuitive interface ensures that even those with minimal technical knowledge can create and manage voting events with ease. Moreover, its cost-effective pricing model makes it the preferred choice among leading insolvency firms, offering an affordable yet powerful solution for conducting secure eVoting.

Remote Accessibility and Efficiency

Right2Vote enables stakeholders to participate in the voting process from anywhere in the world, removing geographical barriers that often hinder timely decision-making. This remote accessibility is a significant advantage, especially in insolvency cases where CoC members may be located in different parts of the country or even globally. By allowing secure voting from any device, the platform enhances stakeholder engagement and improves the efficiency of insolvency proceedings.

In addition to its eVoting capabilities, Right2Vote offers a comprehensive suite of features designed to streamline insolvency resolutions. The platform includes a Virtual Data Room (VDR) for secure document sharing, ensuring that sensitive financial and legal information remains protected while being accessible to authorized parties. Furthermore, its eAuction feature facilitates transparent and efficient asset liquidation, helping stakeholders achieve maximum value recovery.

With advanced features such as encryption, remote accessibility, audit trails, VDR and eAuction, Right2Vote empowers insolvency professionals and CoC members to make informed decisions efficiently. As insolvency processes continue to evolve, Right2Vote stands as a reliable partner in enhancing security, compliance and efficiency.

Conclusion

The IBC Rules have revolutionized India’s insolvency framework by ensuring structured, time-bound resolutions with transparent governance. Recent amendments in 2024 and 2022 have further refined regulatory oversight, salaries and compliance mechanisms.

Additionally, digital tools like Right2Vote, Virtual Data Room (VDR) and eAuction improve efficiency in insolvency resolutions, benefiting creditors and businesses alike.

As IBC Rules continue to evolve, their integration with technology-driven solutions will further streamline insolvency proceedings in India.

To know more about Right2Vote’s election technology, please refer:

Elections have been a cornerstone of democracy for ages, and with the rapid technological changes, the way elections are conducted has transformed significantly. From paper ballots to electronic voting machines (EVMs) to online voting solutions, election technology is continuously evolving with time to increase accessibility, transparency and efficiency. Whether in democratic countries or non-democratic countries, election technology plays a crucial role in shaping the future of governance.

India: A leader of Election Technology

India, The world’s largest democracy, is a pioneer when it comes to using technology in elections. The country conducts elections on a massive scale, with around 1 billion eligible voters. To ensure the integrity and efficiency of elections, India has employed a range of technologies:

Paper ballots

India’s first general elections were held in 1951–1952, marking the introduction of paper ballot voting. Voters could mark their selection on a piece of paper and place it in a ballot box using this easy-to-use approach. For a majorly illiterate population, paper ballots guaranteed familiarity and transparency. Booth capturing, ballot stuffing, lengthy counting periods, and expensive printing were some of their major disadvantages. Invalid votes and manual errors were also frequent. The switch to electronic voting machines (EVMs) in the early 2000s was brought on due to these limitations, which resulted in inefficiencies and security issues.

EVMs

The inefficiencies of paper ballots were addressed in India in the early 2000s with the introduction of Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs). By lowering the number of invalid votes, expediting result declarations, and removing manual counting errors, they simplified the voting process. Despite numerous security safeguards in place, opposition parties and losing candidates have continuously expressed worries about the potential for EVM hacking and tampering. To enhance transparency and voter confidence, India introduced the Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) system, which provides a paper record of the votes cast, allowing for physical verification in case of disputes.

VVPAT

Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) is an election technology introduced in India to enhance transparency and accountability in voting. It works alongside Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) by generating a paper slip displaying the voter’s choice, allowing them to verify their selection. This system was introduced after concerns about EVM security, with opposition parties alleging the possibility of tampering and hacking of EVM.

When you cast your vote in the General Election 2024, you definitely experienced the VVPAT system in action. After selecting your candidate on the EVM, a VVPAT slip appeared behind a transparent screen, displaying your choice for 7 seconds before automatically dropping into a sealed compartment. This ensures that your vote is accurately recorded without any tampering. These slips are securely stored and can be manually verified in case of disputes, further strengthening election transparency and ensuring that every vote is counted fairly.

United States: Innovating with Hybrid Voting Solutions

In the United States, elections are managed at the state and local level, where each state determines its own voting method. The country displays a mix of traditional and modern technologies.

Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) and Direct Recording Electronic (DRE) Voting Systems

In the United States, States differ in their priorities for accessibility and security, which is reflected in the deployment of Direct Recording Electronic (DRE) and Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs). To update their voting procedures, Georgia and Pennsylvania, for example, have made large investments in these electronic systems. California, on the other hand, has chosen to continue using paper ballots in an effort to strengthen election security by lowering the risks related to electronic voting.

Blockchain Technology

In 2018, West Virginia was the first to implement a blockchain-based trial program that allowed military members who work abroad to vote remotely. An important step toward incorporating blockchain technology into the voting process was taken with this effort, which permitted eligible voters to cast their ballots through a smartphone application. This pilot paved the way for future blockchain-based solutions in US elections, despite conflicting opinions.

Online and Absentee Voting

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of online voting systems, particularly for absentee and mail-in ballots. Many states have implemented secure online portals allowing voters to request absentee ballots and monitor their voting status, thereby enhancing accessibility and voter participation during challenging times.

United Kingdom: Paper Ballots and Digital Assistance

The UK continues to rely primarily on paper ballots but has introduced digital tools to streamline the election process.

Electronic Polling Station Systems

While the UK primarily uses paper ballots for voting, some polling stations are equipped with electronic systems to assist with the counting process. These systems help speed up the tallying process and ensure the accuracy of results.

Online Voting Trials

The UK has experimented with online voting in local elections. In the 2002 Swindon Borough Council election, over 10% of voters cast their ballots via the internet. Similarly, during the 2007 Rushmoor Borough Council election, 6,600 voters registered for online voting. However, Due to cybersecurity and voter privacy concerns, nationwide adoption has not occurred.

Brazil: Pioneering in Electronic Voting

Brazil is one of the most advanced countries when it comes to the adoption of electronic voting. Since the 1990s, Brazil has used electronic voting machines for its elections, making it one of the largest countries to rely on digital voting.

Brazil’s EVMs are a significant success, used in both local and national elections. The machines are known for their security and speed in counting votes, ensuring results are available quickly after the polls close.

The Future of Election Technology

The future of election technology holds exciting prospects. Advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning and online voting could offer solutions to security and transparency issues. Countries will likely continue to adopt hybrid models, combining digital and traditional methods to ensure accessibility, security, and efficiency.

Online elections are the way of the future because they provide a safe, convenient, reliable, and affordable substitute over conventional voting procedures. The biggest advantage of online elections is that it enables voters to vote from anywhere. This ensures nobody is denied the right to vote.

Countries looking to upgrade to online voting should use Right2Vote’s online voting platform. Right2Vote is a Government of India-approved eVoting platform. It has been tested, certified and approved by the Standardization Testing and Quality Certification Directorate (STQC), Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Government of India. It is also approved by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), Government of India. Right2Vote has been facilitating secure, transparent and efficient online elections for more than 10 years and manages more than 3000 elections every year.

As election technology progresses, the primary challenge will be to ensure that it remains secure, transparent, and trustworthy. Public confidence in the electoral process is important for democracy, and technology will continue to play a crucial role in maintaining that trust. Whether in the world’s largest democracies or more authoritarian regimes, the role of technology in elections will only increase, shaping the future of governance globally. Online voting will not be limited to election of representatives. Online voting would also be used for direct democracy. International organizations like the United Nations, and WHO are also expected to upgrade to secured online voting in future.

To know more about Right2Vote’s election technology, please refer:

Absentee voting is a process that allows voters to cast their votes even if they are unable to physically reach their allotted polling booth on election day. Absentee voting ensures that every individual who is away from their polling booth (registered location in voter ID) due to work, travel, health issues or any reason can still exercise their democratic right to vote.

The concept of absentee voting originates from the need to provide voting rights for soldiers, doctors, government employees, corporate employees and citizens who could not be present on election day. Many countries have adopted this method to increase voter participation. Over time, absentee voting has evolved into various forms, including mail-in ballots and online voting systems.

Absentee voters are considered the same as normal voters, as their votes carry equal weightage in the electoral process. Their ballots are counted along with those who are physically present on the election day at the polling booth, guaranteeing fairness and transparency in elections. The primary objective of absentee voting is to enhance accessibility while maintaining the integrity of the electoral process.

Absentee Voting in India

In India, Absentee voting Postalballot faq.pdf, Size 225 KB is currently limited to specific groups such as service voters (members of the armed forces, government employees who worked abroad etc.), senior citizens above 85 years and individuals with disabilities. These voters are provided with postal ballots or voting from home options. However, for the general public, there is no widespread absentee voting system in India, making it difficult for many to vote if they are away from their constituency on election day.

Online voting presents a promising solution to absentee voting in India. Platforms like Right2Vote offer a secure, technology-driven approach that enables remote voting. Right2Vote provides an online election platform that uses advanced security protocols and is also tested by STQC (body of government of India). OTP-based verification, Aadhaar-based biometric authentication, two-factor authentication and several other security technologies ensure transparency and prevent fraud. This system allows voters to cast their votes from anywhere anytime, making elections more accessible and increasing voter turnout.

Successful Implementation of Absentee Voting Worldwide

Many countries, including the United States, Canada, Germany, and Switzerland, have successfully implemented absentee voting, benefiting their democratic processes. These nations have witnessed increased voter participation and greater inclusivity, as individuals who would rather miss the opportunity to vote can now participate seamlessly.

Conclusion

Right2Vote has the capability to enable absentee voting in India, addressing the limitations of the current system. By leveraging online voting technology, India can ensure that every eligible citizen has a fair opportunity to vote, regardless of their location. Implementing online absentee voting would not only strengthen democracy but also enhance the efficiency and security of elections in the digital age.

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As Delhi heads toward its 2025 state elections, the political landscape is filled with unpredictability. The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) has been at the heart of Delhi’s political scene for over a decade, but the upcoming elections promise to be a pivotal moment, shaped by a series of complex events, changing dynamics and the potential game-changer of online voting. AAP’s path, the intense competition with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the Congress’s slow collapse and the potential of online voting to transform elections and produce unexpected changes.

AAP’s Journey: From Promises to Controversies

AAP’s political journey began in 2013 when Arvind Kejriwal and his party presented themselves as a breath of fresh air in India’s political scene. They campaigned on a platform of anti-corruption and promised a new model of governance centered on transparency, development and welfare for the common man. After their landmark victory in 2015, when they secured 67 out of 70 seats in the Delhi Assembly, AAP’s narrative of change resonated with the citizens of Delhi. This was further strengthened in 2020 when the AAP defeated their political rivals and won 62 seats, which many interpreted as a clear confirmation of Kejriwal’s leadership.

However, AAP’s tenure was not without its controversies. While the party’s commitment to welfare schemes, like providing free electricity, water and healthcare, earned them considerable support, their ministers found themselves embroiled in various legal challenges. Allegations of corruption and financial mismanagement have been made against them, but their cases are still under judicial proceedings, with court judgments pending. As of now, none of them have been found guilty. Despite these controversies, AAP’s political strategy seemed to maintain its popularity, with their focus on welfare, especially in areas like education and healthcare, continuing to win over voters.

The Bitter Political Rivalry: AAP vs. BJP

While AAP focused on its governance agenda, the BJP India’s national ruling party shifted its attention to Delhi, engaging in a prolonged political battle. BJP’s main strategy was to attack AAP’s internal issues, particularly the legal troubles faced by AAP ministers. However, despite their efforts, BJP failed to make significant headway in the 2020 Delhi elections. Nevertheless, BJP’s national appeal and its strong leadership under Prime Minister Narendra Modi helped them secure victories in other states, including Haryana, where their win against all odds was considered a surprise.

Delhi, however, remained largely under the grip of AAP, with voters continuing to endorse Kejriwal’s welfare-oriented policies. BJP’s campaign in Delhi failed to translate into seats in the state assembly, but their national narrative focused on development, nationalism and security continued to gain traction in broader elections. The BJP, despite losing Delhi, showed its might in the national arena.

The Decline of Congress and Its Struggles in Delhi

While AAP’s popularity soared, Congress, which had previously ruled Delhi for over a decade under Sheila Dikshit, saw its influence steadily decline. Dikshit’s tenure, though marked by significant infrastructure development, was overshadowed by corruption scandals and inefficiency. By the time the 2020 elections rolled around, Congress was struggling to reclaim its relevance and it failed to secure a single seat in the Delhi Assembly.

Despite Congress’s legacy of infrastructure development in Delhi, voters seemed to be more drawn to AAP’s promises of accessible governance and welfare programs. The rise of AAP and the BJP’s national focus relegated Congress to the background in Delhi’s political landscape, signaling the party’s ongoing struggles to maintain a foothold in the capital.

AAP’s Governance: A Model of Welfare or a Missed Opportunity for Development?

AAP’s governance has often been praised for its welfare-oriented initiatives. Free electricity, subsidized water and affordable healthcare have played a significant role in shaping Kejriwal’s political persona. Additionally, the Mohalla Clinics and significant improvements in public education were key highlights of AAP’s tenure. These initiatives earned AAP considerable praise, especially among the lower-income population, who directly benefited from these services.

However, critics have often pointed to the lack of significant infrastructure development and the increasing pollution levels in Delhi. Despite the expansion of the Delhi Metro and the city’s modernized transport system, other areas of urban development have remained stagnant. Delhi’s pollution levels remain some of the highest in the world and there has been limited progress in addressing the city’s infrastructure woes. As a result, AAP’s heavy reliance on welfare schemes, rather than long-term infrastructure solutions, has been questioned by those seeking more holistic development.

The Game-Changer: Online Voting and Its Potential Impact

While AAP’s future remains uncertain, one factor that could dramatically alter the dynamics of the 2025 Delhi elections is the introduction of online voting. Voter turnout in Delhi has historically been around 60-70%, which is considered moderate by international standards. Factors such as accessibility, convenience and public awareness play significant roles in determining voter participation. Online voting could remove many of these barriers, making the electoral process more inclusive, transparent and accessible.

Right2Vote, a STQC-tested and certified online election platform, has been conducting over 3,000 elections annually and has proven its capacity to manage large-scale voting efficiently and securely. The platform ensures a tamper-proof voting system that guarantees voter privacy and security, using advanced encryption technologies. If adopted in the Delhi elections, platforms like Right2Vote could help increase voter participation, particularly among younger, tech-savvy voters and those who find it difficult to physically access polling stations.

To know more about Right2Vote’s election technology, please refer:

The Jharkhand assembly election is drawing near, and the political arena is heating up. This year’s election is shaping up as a head-to-head battle between two major alliances: the INDIA bloc, led by the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM), and the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). These alliances are currently busy with seat-sharing discussions, a tricky aspect of coalition politics where each party negotiates the constituencies they will contest. While online voting could significantly increase voter turnout, especially in remote areas, this option is still not provided by the government for voters’ convenience.

The Two Alliances and Their Background of 2019 and Lok Sabha Election 2024

In the 2019 Jharkhand assembly election, voter turnout was around 65% where JMM, Congress, and the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) teamed up under the banner of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA). Together, they won 47 out of the 81 seats in the assembly, enough to secure a majority and take power from the BJP-led NDA government headed by Raghubar Das. This alliance brought together regional and national players to offer a unified front against the NDA, which struggled to retain its hold on the state.

The BJP, on the other hand, had parted ways with its former ally, the All Jharkhand Students Union (AJSU), before the 2019 state election. However, they joined forces again before the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, where the BJP-led NDA won nine seats out of 14, with the BJP itself securing eight. For the upcoming state elections, the NDA is expanding further by including the Janata Dal (United) and Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas), aiming to strengthen its reach among various voter groups.

Main Issues in Jharkhand: Development, Employment, and Poverty

Jharkhand has long struggled with issues like low per capita income, high poverty rates, and slow growth in agriculture and industry. The state, rich in natural resources, still faces economic challenges. The poverty rate is high, and many families struggle to make ends meet. Moreover, the agricultural sector, on which many Jharkhand residents depend, has not grown enough to improve the livelihoods of farmers. Industrial growth also remains sluggish, which affects job creation and overall economic progress.

During elections, political parties often introduce schemes to address these issues and attract voters. Both alliances promise new welfare initiatives, such as monthly financial assistance for women, employment programs, and other support measures for vulnerable groups. However, these promises often raise questions about their long-term impact and sustainability beyond the election period.

The Power of the People

With the alliances set and promises made, it’s now up to the people of Jharkhand to decide who they believe can best lead them forward. The upcoming election will not only decide the state’s leadership but also shape how Jharkhand tackles its economic and social challenges in the coming years. Every vote counts, and the choice made by each citizen will play a part in Jharkhand’s future.

In the 2019 Jharkhand assembly election, voter turnout was around 65%. This figure shows that many people in the state came forward to make their voices heard. However, with the option of online voting, voter turnout could significantly increase, potentially reaching up to 90%. Online voting would make it easier for more people, especially those in remote areas or with busy schedules, to participate in the election.

In Jharkhand, many people find it hard to reach polling booths because roads and infrastructure are not well developed. But Right2Vote, an online voting service that is certified and tested by the Government of India, offers a way to make voting easier. Right2Vote runs over 3,000 elections every day using their online system. This can help increase the number of people voting in elections, making it easier for everyone to have a say in choosing their leaders.

To know more about Right2Vote’s election technology, please refer:

With the Maharashtra elections scheduled for 20 November 2024 and results to be declared on 23 November, the political landscape in the state has been shaped by dramatic shifts since the last election in 2019. After a series of alliances, betrayals, and unexpected power shifts, voters are left wondering if they can truly trust their political parties. What was once a state known for stable political alliances has since become a battleground for changing loyalties, leading to a sense of disenchantment among the electorate. Once again online voting is not allowed in the Maharashtra election 2024.

The 2019 Maharashtra Assembly Elections: A Contest of Alliances

BJP-Shiv Sena vs. Congress-NCP

The Maharashtra Assembly elections in October 2019, we saw a contest between the two primary alliances: the BJP-Shiv Sena alliance, and the Congress-NCP alliance. The results were initially expected to cover the way for the BJP to retain power with the Shiv Sena as a partner. BJP won 105 seats, falling short of a majority, while its ally, the Shiv Sena, secured 56 seats. On the other hand, the NCP, led by Sharad Pawar, got 54 seats, while the Congress bagged 44 seats, with 61.4% voter turnout. While the BJP emerged as the single largest party, it could not form the government outright. What followed next was an unexpected political drama that redefined Maharashtra’s political dynamics.

Shiv Sena’s Split from BJP

The political drama in Maharashtra began with the fallout between the BJP and Shiv Sena after the 2019 Assembly elections. Shiv Sena, led by Uddhav Thackeray, broke its three-decade-long alliance with the BJP after a disagreement over a 50-50 power-sharing deal, including the rotation of the chief ministership. This fallout was orchestrated by Uddhav Thackeray’s desire to have a Shiv Sena’s Chief Minister, which led to the creation of the Maha Vikas Aghadi (MVA), a coalition of Shiv Sena, Congress, and the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP), brokered by Sharad Pawar.

The formation of the MVA was a historic moment, marking the first time Shiv Sena allied with Congress, a party it had long opposed on ideological grounds. Uddhav Thackeray, driven by his ego more than his ambition, took on the role of Chief Minister, with Pawar’s political support ensuring the survival of this unusual coalition. The MVA remained united by a common agenda to keep the BJP out of power, but it also symbolized the fracturing of long-standing political loyalties.

Rebellion Within Shiv Sena: Eknath Shinde’s Rise

In 2022, a major split occurred within Shiv Sena when Eknath Shinde, a senior leader, led a rebellion against Uddhav Thackeray. Shinde’s camp accused Thackeray of compromising the party’s core Hindutva ideology by aligning with so called ‘secular’ parties like the Congress. This internal seizure of power within Shiv Sena was seen as part of a broader strategy by the BJP to weaken the MVA and regain control in Maharashtra.

Shinde’s defection to the BJP marked a significant turning point. In July 2022, Shinde was sworn in as the Chief Minister, with BJP’s Devendra Fadnavis as his deputy, returning the BJP to power in the state. In a further blow to the Thackeray faction, the Election Commission of India later awarded the Shiv Sena name and its iconic “Bow and Arrow” symbol to Shinde, cementing his position within the party and further sidelining Uddhav Thackeray. The fact that BJP agreed to take the deputy chief minister post caught everybody by surprise. Some feel it was BJP’s masterstroke while others still wonder the real reason behind it.

BJP’s Strategy to Weaken Opposition

Another significant incident came in 2023 when Ajit Pawar, the nephew of NCP Sharad Pawar, led a rebellion within the party and joined the BJP(NDA) government. This split, like Shinde’s defection, was seen as part of the BJP’s larger strategy to weaken opposition forces ahead of the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. By aligning with Ajit Pawar and creating a division within the NCP, the BJP aimed to gain more votes and solidify its electoral prospects in Maharashtra, a crucial battleground state.

The Consequences of Party Betrayals

The political realignments and shifting loyalties in Maharashtra since 2019 have left many voters feeling disillusioned. The series of splits, defections, and party alliances seem to prioritize the hunger for power over ideological commitment or voter interests. The voters, who had initially chosen their representatives, watched as parties and leaders switched alliances for political gain.Voters have watched political parties switch ideologies in pursuit of power, creating a sense of disenchantment among the electorate.

Can the Single Transferable Vote (STV) System Restore Stability?

A Possible Solution to Unstable Alliances

Current First Past The Post (FPTP) method of voting leads to strange political alliances which are generally not stable. Parties are worried about division of votes due to multiple candidates and multiple parties and hence are forced to form alliances. Voters are forced to vote for candidates of the alliance partners as their first choice party is not even represented at a particular seat. Later when the alliances change after the election, the voters feel cheated. Single Transferable Vote (STV), could provide a solution in a state like Maharashtra, where political alignment is unpredictable and multi-party alliances predominate, STV might provide voters more freedom to voice their choices. STV guarantees that the most favored candidates, even those from opposing parties, are elected by enabling voters to rank candidates according to their preferences. By enabling voters to rank candidates, STV could ensure that the winner represents a broader consensus, potentially reducing the likelihood of post-election power struggles and shifting alliances. In Maharashtra’s fractured political context, the introduction of such a system could empower voters and reduce the sense of betrayal many felt after the 2019 elections.

How Technology Could Revolutionize Elections in Maharashtra

If Maharashtra voter turnout was only 61.4% in the 2019 elections. Introduction of online voting option can enable voters to vote from anywhere in a matter of seconds and can substantially increase the voter turnout from around 60% to around 90%.Is it fair to have the government elected with only two third of the eligible voters voting? Higher voter turnout along with STV would lead to clearer mandate and this instability in politics would have been avoided. A clearer mandate from a larger turnout might have prevented power struggles and shifting coalitions after the election.

To increase voter turnout in 2024, online voting presents a viable option. Government of India approved eVoting platforms like Right2Vote, which has been conducting elections for various organizations since the last 9 years, have already shown the potential to boost participation by allowing voters to cast their ballots from anywhere. Implementing online voting could help ensure that a larger percentage of Maharashtra’s electorate is heard, leading to more decisive and stable election outcomes.

STV is the preferred method of election in the President of India election and in Rajya Sabha elections, however FPTP method of voting is used for Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections as considering the large number of voters, STV vote counting in offline voting will take days. Right2Vote’s online voting platform provides automated STV counting technology where counting is completed automatically in minutes without any human intervention.

It’s time India accepts technology and makes its democracy much more efficient.

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The political climate in Haryana and Jammu & Kashmir is poised for major shifts in 2024. In Jammu & Kashmir, as this election is the first since the historic abrogation of Article 370 in 2019, this represents a significant turning point for the region in Jammu & Kashmir. Meanwhile, Haryana turned into a battlefield in a hotly waged conflict. Important topics that influenced the political conversation included anti-incumbency, farmers’ MSP and wrestlers’ protests. Still unexpectedly, BJP was able to win the election for the third time in a row.

Jammu & Kashmir: A New Beginning

We all looked forward to the Jammu & Kashmir elections of 2024. After Article 370 which had previously given the state extraordinary autonomy was revoked, this was the first election that followed. With an impressive 69.67% of voters, the people of Jammu & Kashmir appeared committed to determining their own destiny in this new era. Voter turnout of around 70% proved that citizens of J&K voted in favour of Democracy.

Comparison with the 2014 Elections

In the 2014 Jammu & Kashmir elections, the JKPDP had emerged as the single largest party with 28 seats, closely followed by BJP with 25 seats, and JKNC with 15 seats. When we fast-forward to 2024, we see a big difference:

The JKNC has made a tremendous comeback, jumping from 15 seats in 2014 to 42 seats in 2024. This could be seen as a resurgence of regional identity politics, with many voters rallying behind the party that promises to protect the region’s distinct identity.
The BJP, which had positioned itself as a major contender, won 29 seats, slightly increasing its strength from 2014’s 25 seats. Their performance reflects their stronghold in Jammu but shows limitations in the Kashmir valley.
JKPDP, once a dominant player, saw its influence drastically diminish, securing only 3 seats, compared to 28 in 2014. This decline can be attributed to dissatisfaction with the party’s role in previous coalition governments and a loss of confidence among its core voters.
It can also suggest that voters of Kashmir voted intelligently and consolidated the anti-BJP vote and avoided it from being divided between JKNC, JKPDP and INC. Generally, people in the valley, who are predominantly Muslims after the exodus of Hindus in the 1990s, vote against the BJP which is seen as more of a Hindu Party. Many Kashmir voters also wanted to vote against BJP for removing Article 370. People of Kashmir were expected to vote in favor of either of the two big JK focused parties JKNC or JKPDP. Considering Congress got into alliance with JKNC, and Congress is the only big national party which is an alternative to BJP at national level, the alliance of JKNC and Congress appeared a better alternative to Kashmiri voters compared to JKPDP.
What also worked against JKPDP and hence in favor of JKNC was JKPDP’s alliance with BJP in between 2015 and 2019. Anti-BJP voters not only wanted to punish JKPDP for alliance with BJP but also wanted to ensure that one of the two JK parties gets a clear mandate this time so that BJP, which is strong in Jammu, does not again gets a chance to form a government in alliance with one of the JK parties.

Haryana: Breaking the History

Once again, the BJP emerged victorious in Haryana, BJP has formed the government three times in a row. However, the INC put up a fierce battle and narrowed the gap, so this victory was not without difficulties. BJP was almost certain to lose due to factors like anti-incumbency, allegations of sexual harassment of wrestlers against a BJP minister, farmer agitation. However, BJP surprised everybody including the exit polls by winning this election.

Comparison with the 2019 Elections

In the 2019 Haryana state elections, the BJP had secured 40 seats, while the INC got 31 seats. Independent candidates and regional parties like the INLD played a crucial role in the government formation.

In 2024, the BJP strengthened its hold with 48 seats, an increase of 8 seats from 2019. Their consistent performance over the last decade has allowed them to maintain their influence, and hence they managed to achieve the historical feat of a third consecutive government.
The INC improved its tally by 6 seats, rising from 31 in 2019 to 37 in 2024, signaling a revival of the Congress under new leadership and renewed efforts to connect with the voters.
The INLD, once a major force in Haryana politics, has been reduced to just 2 seats, reflecting the party’s continued struggle to stay relevant in a rapidly changing political landscape.

What These Elections Mean for the Future

The 2024 elections in Jammu & Kashmir and Haryana are more than numbers on a chart. They represent a shift in political tides and the struggle between national and local forces.

In Jammu & Kashmir, the overwhelming support for the JKNC signals a desire to reclaim a sense of autonomy and cultural pride in the post-Article 370 era, while the BJP’s performance shows their continued appeal in Jammu.
In Haryana, the BJP’s consistent governance and the INC’s resurgence have set the stage for a competitive political future. Haryana remains a battleground of alternating political dominance.

Online Voting Can Impact Results

The results we see today may not stay the same if the voter turnout increases. In Jammu & Kashmir, the voter turnout was around 69.67%, while in Haryana, it stood at 67%. But imagine if these numbers increased to 90% the very landscape of the election could shift dramatically. This increase in participation could have changed the balance of power in both regions. Enabling online voting in Kashmir would allow Kashmiri Pandits, who migrated, to exercise their right to vote. This strengthens their connection to the region and sense of belonging. It would boost voter participation, ensuring wider representation in elections and enhancing democratic engagement.

One key factor that could elevate voter turnout is the adoption of Online Election Technology. Today, the elections in these states are conducted using EVMs (Electronic Voting Machines). While EVMs are effective, they come with certain geographical limitations. Many voters, particularly those in remote or inaccessible areas, face difficulties reaching polling stations. There’s also the risk of paper ballots being torn or misplaced.

At Right2Vote, we conduct more than 3000 elections every year across various sectors, including corporate voting, housing society elections, college elections, association elections, and employee union elections. We receive numerous inquiries asking if online voting could be made available for large-scale state elections like these. Voters seek more convenient, accessible, and secure ways to cast their votes.

As a government-certified company, we take every security concern seriously, ensuring that the integrity of the election process is maintained. If online voting technology were implemented in state elections, we could likely see a surge in voter turnout. If turnout reaches 90%, it’s almost certain that the election outcomes will shift. We have the technology to make this happen, and with more voters participating, democracy would flourish.